Activated microglia inflict damage on oligodendrocytes through the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, TNF-, and interferons, alongside phagocytic activity, and antigen presentation to CD 4+ T cells via MHC class II [270]
References Grygiel-Grniak B, Marcinkowska J, Szczepanik A, Przysawski J (2014) The nutritional and oxidative stress implications of post-menopausal age
Because superoxide cannot cross the membrane of mitochondria, it reacts with water to form hydrogen peroxide, which is very susceptible to spontaneously passing out of the membrane [27]
Molecular Formula:C62H98N16O22
Changes in bone mineral density typically require 6-12 months to become detectable on DEXA scans